Probability

  • Master Minding
    problem

    Master minding

    Age
    11 to 14
    Challenge level
    filled star filled star empty star
    Your partner chooses two beads and places them side by side behind a screen. What is the minimum number of guesses you would need to be sure of guessing the two beads and their positions?
  • Thank your Lucky Stars
    problem

    Thank your lucky stars

    Age
    14 to 16
    Challenge level
    filled star filled star empty star
    A counter is placed in the bottom right hand corner of a grid. You toss a coin and move the star according to the following rules: ... What is the probability that you end up in the top left-hand corner of the grid?
  • Penta Colour
    problem

    Penta colour

    Age
    14 to 16
    Challenge level
    filled star empty star empty star
    In how many different ways can I colour the five edges of a pentagon so that no two adjacent edges are the same colour?
  • Scratch Cards
    problem

    Scratch cards

    Age
    14 to 16
    Challenge level
    filled star filled star filled star
    To win on a scratch card you have to uncover three numbers that add up to more than fifteen. What is the probability of winning a prize?
  • Fixing the Odds
    problem

    Fixing the odds

    Age
    14 to 16
    Challenge level
    filled star filled star filled star
    You have two bags, four red balls and four white balls. You must put all the balls in the bags although you are allowed to have one bag empty. How should you distribute the balls between the two bags so as to make the probability of choosing a red ball as small as possible and what will the probability be in that case?
  • Win or Lose?
    problem

    Win or lose?

    Age
    14 to 16
    Challenge level
    filled star filled star empty star
    A gambler bets half the money in his pocket on the toss of a coin, winning an equal amount for a head and losing his money if the result is a tail. After 2n plays he has won exactly n times. Has he more money than he started with?
  • Coin Tossing Games
    problem

    Coin tossing games

    Age
    14 to 16
    Challenge level
    filled star filled star empty star
    You and I play a game involving successive throws of a fair coin. Suppose I pick HH and you pick TH. The coin is thrown repeatedly until we see either two heads in a row (I win) or a tail followed by a head (you win). What is the probability that you win?
  • Marbles and Bags
    problem

    Marbles and bags

    Age
    14 to 16
    Challenge level
    filled star filled star empty star
    Two bags contain different numbers of red and blue marbles. A marble is removed from one of the bags. The marble is blue. What is the probability that it was removed from bag A?
  • Gambling at Monte Carlo
    problem

    Gambling at Monte Carlo

    Age
    14 to 16
    Challenge level
    filled star filled star filled star

    A man went to Monte Carlo to try and make his fortune. Is his strategy a winning one?

  • Teams
    problem

    Teams

    Age
    16 to 18
    Challenge level
    filled star empty star empty star
    Two brothers belong to a club with 10 members. Four are selected for a match. Find the probability that both brothers are selected.