Every quadrilateral is made up of 4 lines, and extending these lines on beyond the vertices of the quadrilaterals is helpful to explain why there cannot be more than 8 intersection points.

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Starting from one of its vertices, a triangle can be drawn anywhere without taking the pencil off the paper, but must finish where it started.

This means that every line crossed must be crossed back again - so each of the 4 lines which make up the quadrilateral must be crossed an even number of times.

The triangle only has 3 sides, so it cannot cross any of the lines which make up the quadrilateral more than 3 times. So each of the lines which make up the quadrilateral must be crossed 0 or 2 times.

If each side is crossed 2 times, that makes a total of 8 intersection points - so there can never be more than 8 intersection points.

An example of a triangle and a quadrilateral with 8 intersection points is shown below.

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