Before a knockout tournament with 2^n players I pick two players. What is the probability that they have to play against each other at some point in the tournament?
A gambler bets half the money in his pocket on the toss of a coin,
winning an equal amount for a head and losing his money if the
result is a tail. After 2n plays he has won exactly n times. Has he
more money than he started with?
Some relationships are transitive, such as `if A>B and B>C
then it follows that A>C', but some are not. In a voting system,
if A beats B and B beats C should we expect A to beat C?
This article, for students and teachers, is mainly about
probability, the mathematical way of looking at random chance and
is a shorter version of Taking Chances Extended.