Arsenal Collection: Stadium Sightline

How would you design the tiering of seats in a stadium so that all spectators have a good view?
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Arsenal Collection: Stadium Sightline
One of the challenges in designing a football stadium is to make sure that spectators can see the event without their views being blocked by the spectators in front.

Imagine that you were one of the design team when the Emirates stadium was being built. Your task is to design the tiered seating for the stadium.The back of each seat is 80cm behind the back of the seat in front, but raised up so that each row can see over the row in front.

Make some sketches showing what the cross-section (side view) of the seats might look like. Will the seats lie on a straight line, or a curve? How steep?

What factors do you think you will need to take into account when working out how high each seat needs to be?

 

Arsenal FC have stipulated that all spectators must be able to see clearly a point 10m in front of the front row of seating:

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Arsenal Collection: Stadium Sightline

The spectator in the second row needs to have line of sight to the same point as the spectator in the first row, as seen in the diagram above. Notice that the spectator in the second row needs some extra clearance in order to see comfortably over the first spectator's head.

 

Here is a zoomed-in diagram:

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Arsenal Collection: Stadium Sightline

The first spectator's eye-level is 1.2m above the ground.

There is an extra 0.2m of clearance from his eye-level to the second spectator's line-of-sight. The second spectator is a further 0.8m away from the point on the pitch.

How high above ground level does spectator 2's seat need to be?

 

Now draw a similar diagram with the dimensions and unknowns for spectators 2 and 3.

How high above ground level does spectator 3's seat need to be?



Finally, imagine there were 40 rows of seating in the stadium. 

Can you work out the heights above ground level of each of the 40 rows, and hence plot a side view of the seating?

It is very helpful to use a spreadsheet to perform the repeated calculations and plot the results.