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Why use this problem?
This problem is based on real-life biology, and also includes the concept of half-life. Students will need to decide how to use the information that they are given, and will need to do some estimating.
The idea of bounds is very useful here. Students can try to find a number for $X$ which they know is an underestimate. They can also try and find an overestimate for the volume of Rudolph's nose.
You can download a word and pdf version of this problem.
Key Questions
This website gives the sizes of various sports ball which might be useful.
Possible Extension
Can you find an upper limit for the size of Rudolph's nose?