Why do this problem?
This
problem helps pupils explore the area of rectangular shapes and
see the effects of changing the length of their sides. There are
obvious implications for multiplication facts too.
Possible approach
It would be good to
introduce this activity with a practical demonstration using some
blocks like Cuisenaire. It would also be good to have some
discussion about the kinds of corners you can have and those that
are not acceptable.
Some children get hooked on the idea of creating the nearest
things to a square each time so as to get the largest area.
Others tend to just lengthen the rectangle each time and
therefore lose out when they come to using eight blocks to surround
the largest area - this time in the shape of a square.
If you have a large group of children doing this activity then it
is very useful to have them working with different lengths of rods.
This allows an interesting comparison between those who used [for
example] the $4$ rods with those who used the $5$ rods and the $6$
rods. A large table of results leads usually to interesting
discussions.
Key questions
How are you working out
what the area is that you have got your fence around?
Have you got a special way of doing these so that you know you're
getting the largest area possible?
Possible extension
Encourage pupils to
explain in words how you make sure you have the shape with the
largest area each time.
For the
highest-attaining
Extend the whole idea by
producing $3$D cuboid cages using blocks like above and trting to
get the largest volume with eeach number that you work up to. To
start how about $12$ $4$'s producing a cage that is $6x5x5$:-
Keeping to blocks of four and adding $1$ more at a
time, discover the largest colume of cage that can be
produced. After several steps some generealizations should be
looked for.
Possible support
It may be necessary to
help some pupils with strategies for working out the area.