Meaningful Maths Trails

Stage: 1 and 2

Article by Avril Crack

Routes and pathways have an obvious connection with trails: trails take a route around a particular place following different clues or rules. Of course we are most interested in Maths Trails and they are becoming increasingly popular at different historic and natural sites that are used for school visits.

Maths Trails offer huge potential for learning experiences at all ages. The scope is endless and trails can be tailored to fit into certain topics, or include a whole range. It is important to be critical when constructing a trail or using one that already exists. Are the pupils really challenged? We should be aiming to improve their mathematical thinking, not just their observational skills. The questions should provide opportunities for children to explore and develop strategies for solving a variety of problems. The change of environment can help to make them feel less threatened and perhaps more willing to offer suggestions. Managed in the right way, trails present a golden opportunity to enrich mathematical talk. This can be done at all stages of the trail - in the classroom preparation beforehand, doing the trail itself and during follow up work.

Children using Victorian weighing machines as part of a Maths trail at The London Canal Museum

It may sound daunting to begin to compile your own Maths trail, but don't do it alone! Once done, the trail will be easily transferable to other classes of the same age and won't require much updating in future years. By liaising with colleagues it could also be adapted for other year groups. At a recent Masterclass meeting, one of the groups mentioned how successful a trail around the school had been. The organiser, Avril Crack, describes below how she went about planning and setting up the trail for Maths Mates in Sandy, Bedfordshire. It is well worth a read and should encourage you to have a go!

What can I say? Maths trails take a bit of organisation, but I always it is worth it. I have organised trails for various schools, aimed at different levels of ability. The children enjoy them and their maths appears to improve as a result of the activity. It's fun and stretches some of those children who would maybe 'give up' on problems in the classroom.

My pupils were quite pleased when they realised they would be leaving school early and were more than willing to help me set up the trail. I had previously badgered the caretaker, who was very accommodating: letting me mooch around after school in the rooms that we would use the following week. It's surprising the wealth of opportunities that are available for challenging the children to answer problems. Anything outside the classroom environment is always greeted enthusiastically.

So, there we were after school, rushing around blu-tacking, or using masking tape or string to attach tags with questions to various doors, trees, cars, netball posts etc. The children involved in Maths Mates started to arrive shortly after we had finished our 'tagging' and I explained the rules. I started the children off at different places on the trail to avoid traffic jams.

The children were to answer 5 questions then find a 'question master' (an adult). If the answers were reasonable then they were given a letter of the alphabet. The main object was to use the letters to create a word at the end of the trail.

All in all the children thoroughly enjoyed the trail. The only down side was that we ran out of time and weren't able to finish, but as each group had started in different places all the letters had been collected and someone was able to work out the word. Clearly if the trail is repeated, we will run it when there is more time available.

Avril Crack

Avril attached the trail and the question sheet that the children used to write their answers on. They would be easy to adapt to another school. Click here to have a look! (Questions to maths mates trail , Answer sheet )

If you're planning a school visit it is worth finding out which local attractions already have their own Maths trail. We have tried out two ourselves - one at The London Canal Museum and one at Chester Cathedral.

Chester Cathedral, Cheshire

There are three trails in this beautiful cathedral: one aimed at KS2; then two for KS1. They all include a plan of the building with compass bearings and the children are led clearly through the questions.

The trails for KS1 are designed for a small group of pupils accompanied by an adult to assist with reading. One trail is based entirely on shape, the other includes a range of mathematical topics including estimation, number and measuring, in addition to shape. There is some overlap between the two so your choice would depend on the aims you had in mind.

Can you think of a way to estimate the number of mosaic pieces used in this picture?

The ideas used in the KS2 trail are similar to that of KS1 but obviously extended. Children are encouraged to reflect on calculation methods rather than simply arriving at an answer. Again measuring, estimation, shape and number material are included, but also identification of patterns, which could lead into emergent algebra back in the classroom.

Comprehensive Teacher Resource Packs are available which give an overview of the topics covered on the trails, along with any pre-visit knowledge required and suggested follow up work.

Not only does the cathedral provide a wonderful setting to explore maths, but it gives the children an opportunity to look hard at their surroundings and learn about the different parts of a church.

Further information can be obtained from the main website: www.chestercathedral.org.uk .

London Canal Museum

The museum is an interactive hands-on centre for learning about canals. The museum was once an ice warehouse and ice was stored in huge ice wells after it had been brought to the canal dock from Norway. The ice was sold to customers and delivered by horse and cart.

The museum has a good maths trail. It is unusual as it asks some fairly tricky questions and could lead to some interesting follow up work in school. There are fourteen activity sheets half for upper Key Stage 1/ lower Key Stage 2 and half for upper Key stage 2. They are in pairs on the same topic ranging from 'At home in a narrowboat' through 'Coal' to 'Symmetry'.

School parties should book in advance and the museum can provide books and tape measures. The pack for the trails costs £3.50 and can be purchased online: www.canalmuseum.org.uk . More information can be found by contacting the education officer via the website.

Other Venues

Below we list just a small selection of venues which offer Maths trails. Thank you to all who sent in details! We are sure you'll agree that the variety of locations is quite remarkable.

Wilderness Wood, Hadlow Down, Nr Uckfield, E Sussex

Wilderness Wood is a fantstic working woodland in the High Weald Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. Anne and Chris Yarrow, the owners, have been offering school visits for 25 years, and the site is now well geared to receiving pupils of all ages, from pre-school to university. A special maths trail has been devised and was updated in 2005 by a group of local primary school teachers. Aimed at years 5 and 6, the trail is a series of zones with activities to complete. The trail is structured so that groups can do all or parts of the trail, as time and ability allow and it is designed to be used by the school's own staff and helpers. The woodland setting is very much a part of the activities. For example, patterns in ferns are investigated, diameters and heights of trees are measured, and problems based on the wood products the woodland sells are set. The activities are fairly short, to keep the pupils moving around the woodland. They are relevant - maths problems that are faced by the staff of the woodland on a daily basis.

Wilderness Wood provides Teachers' Packs for KS1, KS2 and Secondary levels, which give details of organising a visit to the wood, as well as activities for other parts of the national curriculum. The Teachers' Packs are all available online on the schools' section of the website. Wilderness Wood is open every day. For prices and further details, please call or email:

Tel: 01825 830509

Email: enquiries@wildernesswood.co.uk

Website: www.wildernesswood.co.uk

Winchester Cathedral, Winchester, Hampshire

KS2 trail

Contact Cheryl Bryan, Director of Children's Education on 01962 857224

Email: cheryl.bryan@winchester-cathedral.org.uk

Website: www.winchester-cathedral.org.uk

Bucks County Museum, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire

Trails suitable for both Key Stages are available

Tel: 01296 337889

Email: museum@buckscc.gov.uk

Website: http://www.buckscc.gov.uk/bcc/content/index.jsp?contentid=-1147615288

St Alban's Cathedral, St Albans, Herts

KS1 and KS2 Trails on offer

Contact Susanna Ainsworth at The Education Centre on 01727 890212 or 01727 836223

Email:mail@stalbanscathedral.org.uk

Website:www.stalbanscathedral.org.uk

Preston Hall Museum, Yarn Road, Stockton-on-Tees

Trails available for KS1 and KS2

Contact Education Officer, Jill Gilbert on 01642 397590

Website: www.stockton-bc.gov.uk/visit/visit-main-preston-hall.htm

The Dock Museum, Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria

Activities suitable for both Key Stages

Tel: 01229 894444

Email: dockmuseum@barrowbc.gov.uk

Website: www.dockmuseum.org.uk

Chester Cathedral, Chester, Cheshire

Two trails for KS1, one for KS2

Contact the Education Officer, Mrs Judy Davies on 01244 324756

Email: davies@chestercathedral.org.uk

Website: www.chestercathedral.org.uk

London Canal Museum, New Wharf Road, Kings Cross, London

Activities suitable for upper KS1 and KS2

Contact the Education Officer on 0207 713 0836

Email via the website: www.canalmuseum.org.uk

Whether you decide to make the most of a trail which is already established, or take the plunge and devise your own, here are a few things to think about:

Make sure you have enough adult supervision while the pupils are doing the trail, perhaps as "check points" as Avril did, or to actually accompany groups.
This is an ideal opportunity to involve parents/carers in their child's maths.
Why not ask the children to make up a trail themselves, perhaps for younger pupils in the school? With discussion and guidance this could be a worthwhile follow-up activity.

Do let us know how you get on with devising your own trails (perhaps you have some invaluable tips which we've failed to mention!). Thank you to Lynn Holloway who is Deputy Headteacher at Copp School, Great Eccleston for doing just that. Have a look at the Maths trail they have devised for their school. We are also keen to hear comments about existing trails which you have tested with your class - we can pass on recommendations.

Pedagogy. Mathematical Thinking. Learning mathematics. Enrichment. Group worthy. Games. Gifted and Talented. Questioning. Rich Tasks. Problem solving.