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Broad Topics > Numbers and the Number System > Factors and multiples

Multiplication Magic

Stage: 4 Challenge Level:

Given any 3 digit number you can use the given digits and name another number which is divisible by 37 (e.g. given 628 you say 628371 is divisible by 37 because you know that 6+3 = 2+7 = 8+1 = 9). . . .

What a Joke

Stage: 4 Challenge Level:

Each letter represents a different positive digit AHHAAH / JOKE = HA What are the values of each of the letters?

Big Powers

Stage: 3 and 4 Challenge Level:

Three people chose this as a favourite problem. It is the sort of problem that needs thinking time - but once the connection is made it gives access to many similar ideas.

Phew I'm Factored

Stage: 4 Challenge Level:

Explore the factors of the numbers which are written as 10101 in different number bases. Prove that the numbers 10201, 11011 and 10101 are composite in any base.

Really Mr. Bond

Stage: 4 Challenge Level:

115^2 = (110 x 120) + 25, that is 13225 895^2 = (890 x 900) + 25, that is 801025 Can you explain what is happening and generalise?

Data Chunks

Stage: 4 Challenge Level:

Data is sent in chunks of two different sizes - a yellow chunk has 5 characters and a blue chunk has 9 characters. A data slot of size 31 cannot be exactly filled with a combination of yellow and. . . .

Different by One

Stage: 4 Challenge Level:

Make a line of green and a line of yellow rods so that the lines differ in length by one (a white rod)

Gabriel's Problem

Stage: 3 and 4 Challenge Level:

Gabriel multiplied together some numbers and then erased them. Can you figure out where each number was?

Transposition Cipher

Stage: 3 and 4 Challenge Level:

Can you work out what size grid you need to read our secret message?

Expenses

Stage: 4 Challenge Level:

What is the largest number which, when divided into 1905, 2587, 3951, 7020 and 8725 in turn, leaves the same remainder each time?

Factorial

Stage: 4 Challenge Level:

How many zeros are there at the end of the number which is the product of first hundred positive integers?

Reverse to Order

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Take any two digit number, for example 58. What do you have to do to reverse the order of the digits? Can you find a rule for reversing the order of digits for any two digit number?

Squaresearch

Stage: 4 Challenge Level:

Consider numbers of the form un = 1! + 2! + 3! +...+n!. How many such numbers are perfect squares?

Mod 3

Stage: 4 Challenge Level:

Prove that if a^2+b^2 is a multiple of 3 then both a and b are multiples of 3.

Divisively So

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

How many numbers less than 1000 are NOT divisible by either: a) 2 or 5; or b) 2, 5 or 7?

Powerful Factorial

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

6! = 6 x 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1. The highest power of 2 that divides exactly into 6! is 4 since (6!) / (2^4 ) = 45. What is the highest power of two that divides exactly into 100!?

Times Right

Stage: 3 and 4 Challenge Level:

Using the digits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, mulitply a two two digit numbers are multiplied to give a four digit number, so that the expression is correct. How many different solutions can you find?

Remainders

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

I'm thinking of a number. When my number is divided by 5 the remainder is 4. When my number is divided by 3 the remainder is 2. Can you find my number?

Remainder

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

What is the remainder when 2^2002 is divided by 7? What happens with different powers of 2?

Factoring a Million

Stage: 4 Challenge Level:

In how many ways can the number 1 000 000 be expressed as the product of three positive integers?

Eminit

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

The number 8888...88M9999...99 is divisible by 7 and it starts with the digit 8 repeated 50 times and ends with the digit 9 repeated 50 times. What is the value of the digit M?

Take Three from Five

Stage: 3 and 4 Challenge Level:

Caroline and James pick sets of five numbers. Charlie chooses three of them that add together to make a multiple of three. Can they stop him?

Thirty Six Exactly

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

The number 12 = 2^2 × 3 has 6 factors. What is the smallest natural number with exactly 36 factors?

Factors and Multiples - Secondary Resources

Stage: 3 and 4 Challenge Level:

A collection of resources to support work on Factors and Multiples at Secondary level.

AB Search

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

The five digit number A679B, in base ten, is divisible by 72. What are the values of A and B?

Number Rules - OK

Stage: 4 Challenge Level:

Can you convince me of each of the following: If a square number is multiplied by a square number the product is ALWAYS a square number...

LCM Sudoku

Stage: 4 Challenge Level:

Here is a Sudoku with a difference! Use information about lowest common multiples to help you solve it.

Factoring Factorials

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Find the highest power of 11 that will divide into 1000! exactly.

LCM Sudoku II

Stage: 3, 4 and 5 Challenge Level:

You are given the Lowest Common Multiples of sets of digits. Find the digits and then solve the Sudoku.

Diggits

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Can you find what the last two digits of the number $4^{1999}$ are?

Mathematical Swimmer

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Twice a week I go swimming and swim the same number of lengths of the pool each time. As I swim, I count the lengths I've done so far, and make it into a fraction of the whole number of lengths I. . . .

Substitution Transposed

Stage: 3 and 4 Challenge Level:

Substitution and Transposition all in one! How fiendish can these codes get?

N000ughty Thoughts

Stage: 4 Challenge Level:

Factorial one hundred (written 100!) has 24 noughts when written in full and that 1000! has 249 noughts? Convince yourself that the above is true. Perhaps your methodology will help you find the. . . .

What Numbers Can We Make Now?

Stage: 3 and 4 Challenge Level:

Imagine we have four bags containing numbers from a sequence. What numbers can we make now?

Digat

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

What is the value of the digit A in the sum below: [3(230 + A)]^2 = 49280A

Oh! Hidden Inside?

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Find the number which has 8 divisors, such that the product of the divisors is 331776.

Two Much

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Explain why the arithmetic sequence 1, 14, 27, 40, ... contains many terms of the form 222...2 where only the digit 2 appears.

Ewa's Eggs

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

I put eggs into a basket in groups of 7 and noticed that I could easily have divided them into piles of 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 and always have one left over. How many eggs were in the basket?

Multiplication Equation Sudoku

Stage: 4 and 5 Challenge Level:

The puzzle can be solved by finding the values of the unknown digits (all indicated by asterisks) in the squares of the $9\times9$ grid.

Gaxinta

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

A number N is divisible by 10, 90, 98 and 882 but it is NOT divisible by 50 or 270 or 686 or 1764. It is also known that N is a factor of 9261000. What is N?

Three Times Seven

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

A three digit number abc is always divisible by 7 when 2a+3b+c is divisible by 7. Why?

Napier's Location Arithmetic

Stage: 4 Challenge Level:

Have you seen this way of doing multiplication ?

Hot Pursuit

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

The sum of the first 'n' natural numbers is a 3 digit number in which all the digits are the same. How many numbers have been summed?

What Numbers Can We Make?

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Imagine we have four bags containing a large number of 1s, 4s, 7s and 10s. What numbers can we make?

Inclusion Exclusion

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

How many integers between 1 and 1200 are NOT multiples of any of the numbers 2, 3 or 5?

Counting Cogs

Stage: 2 and 3 Challenge Level:

Which pairs of cogs let the coloured tooth touch every tooth on the other cog? Which pairs do not let this happen? Why?

Even So

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Find some triples of whole numbers a, b and c such that a^2 + b^2 + c^2 is a multiple of 4. Is it necessarily the case that a, b and c must all be even? If so, can you explain why?

Factor Track

Stage: 2 and 3 Challenge Level:

Factor track is not a race but a game of skill. The idea is to go round the track in as few moves as possible, keeping to the rules.