The fastest cyclist
Problem
In Nutrition and Cycling, you were invited to work out Andy's calorie needs on a ride from Land's End to John o'Groats.
If you haven't already done so, print out a copy of these cards.
Andy is competing in a Land's End to John o'Groats race, and YOU are his coach!
You are determined that Andy will win the race, as long as he is willing to cycle for more than 7 hours a day.
What is the shortest time in which Andy could complete the ride, if we ignore his 7 hour daily cycling limit, while making sure his energy needs are met?
You may wish to consider minimising the cost, and/or the weight that Andy needs to carry, together with any other appropriate constraints that occur to you.
You might find this article, describing the diet of Tour de France cyclists, of interest.
Cycling image from Wikimedia Commons, uploaded by Evdcoldeportes, released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.5 Colombia license.
Getting Started
What is the maximum calorie intake available to Andy, based on the snacks and energy drinks he can carry?
If he cycled for $7\frac{1}{2}$ hours, how many calories would he need? How many calories could he take in?
What if he cycled for $8$ hours?
Student Solutions
This spreadsheet shows the limitations assuming all other information stays the same when the 7 hour per day limit is relaxed:
This leads to the conclusion that 8 hours per day cycling would give him a very small calorie deficit.
Algebraic solution (where h = hours/day cycling):
Calories available to consume: 4000 + 350h
Calories used: 2500 + (14 x 1.61 x 100h)/4.19
4000 + 350h = 2500 + (14 x 1.61 x 100h)/4.19
h = 7.98 hours per day cycling
If Andy cycles 8 hours per day, total race time:
1407 / (1.61 x 14 x 8) = 7.8 days
= 7 days + 6.422 hours cycling on Day 8
=7 days + 6 hours 25.34 minutes cycling on Day 8
Can you think of any other approaches?
Teachers' Resources
Why do this problem?
This problem offers a challenging extension to Nutrition and Cycling. Whereas the former problem requires students to make sense of information and engage in proportional reasoning, this is an optimisation task which students could tackle using spreadsheets.
Possible approach
Students will need to have worked on Nutrition and Cycling first, and will need the same set of cards.
"What if Andy could cycle for longer than seven hours a day? Imagine you are his coach, and you need to come up with a plan that makes sure his energy needs are met, but helps him to complete the race in the fastest possible time. At the end of the task, you will each get a chance to present your race plan to the rest of the group. Who can come up with the winning plan?"
Arrange the class in small groups. Students will need access to calculators or spreadsheets. While you circulate, ensure that students are recording their calculations clearly so that they will be ready to present them.
There is no 'correct' answer to this task - students will have to make decisions about whether a calorie deficit can be permitted, and whether additional off-road snacks could be allowed.
Plenty of time should be allowed at the end of the task for groups to present their plans, the decisions they made, and their reasons, with clear justifications for their results.
Key questions
What are Andy's calorie needs?
What are Andy's calorie allowances?
How do these change as he cycles for a longer time?
Possible extension
Students may wish to represent the situation algebraically, and apply different constraints before solving the resulting equations.
Possible support
Encourage students to use trial and improvement - choose a time greater than 7 hours for Andy to cycle, calculate his calorie intake and calorie needs, and then adjust up or down as necessary.