The median is the point y in the interval such that
Prob{0 £ X £ y} = Prob{y £ X £ 3};
equivalently, such that
ó õ
y
0
r(x) dx =
12
.
This means that
274
=
ó õ
y
0
(6+x-x2) dx = 6y+
y22
-
y33
.
Thus y satisfies the cubic equation
4y3-6y2-72y+81=0.
This has one root y=9/2 so, by factorizing the cubic (or by
using any other numerical method) we find that the only solution
for y (which most satisfy 0 < y < 3) is (approximately) 1.1.
The mean of the distribution is m, where
m=
ó õ
3
0
x r(x) dx.
Thus
m =
227
ó õ
3
0
x
æ è
6+x-x2
ö ø
dx =
227
ó õ
3
0
(6x+x2-x3) dx,
hence
m=
227
é ë
3x2 + x3/3 - x4/4
ù û
3 0
=
227
[27 +9 -81/4] =
76
.
In a discrete distribution the mode is the value that occurs
most frequently. In a continuous distribution it is the value where
the probability density function takes its maximum value.
Thus the mode is t, where 6+x-x2 takes its maximum value at t.
Let f(x) = 6+x-x2; then f¢(x)=0 when x=1/2. Thus the maximum
value of f is taken an one of the points 0, 1/2, 3.
In fact the maximum value is at 1/2 so the mode is 1/2.