What is the routine for calculating the result when the fraction is less than or equal to a half ?

What is the routine when the fraction is greater than a half ?

Can you express that in algebra ?

If x is the fraction value what is the result in terms of x for the two cases above ?


For each denominator (bottom number of the fraction) which fractions are equivalent to other fractions with a smaller denominator ?

Which fractions form a loop ?

Which fractions do not belong to the loop but track into it ?