Differentiating implicitly twice


By Anonymous on Tuesday, March 27, 2001 - 11:52 am :

How would you differentiate this implicitly twice?
dy/dx = exy

Thanks.


By Emma McCaughan (Emma) on Wednesday, March 28, 2001 - 11:33 am :

You could try taking (natural) logs first. When you differentiate ln(dy/dx), you can differentiate with respect to (dy/dx), and then multiply by (dy/dx differentiated with respect to x), which is d2 y/dx2 .


By Anonymous on Wednesday, March 28, 2001 - 07:08 pm :

Hi Emma,

Can you show me what you describe?
Thanks again.


By Anonymous on Wednesday, March 28, 2001 - 09:36 pm :

How do you differentiate ln(dy/dx) with respect to (dy/dx)?


By Emma McCaughan (Emma) on Thursday, March 29, 2001 - 10:20 am :

Do you know how to differentiate log t with respect to t? That's 1/t.
The chain rule says that if you want to differentiate f(t) with respect to x, you do (df/dt) x (dt/dx), so that's (1/t) x (dt/dx).
In this case, t=dy/dx, so we get (1/(dy/dx)) x (d2 y/dx2 ).

Do come back to us if you get stuck further on. Multiplying through by dy/dx will be helpful, and then you'll have to keep very clear about the product rule.


By The Editor :

Here is the complete working:
dy
dx
=ex y

ln æ
ç
è
dy
dx
ö
÷
ø
=x y

1
dy
dx
d2 y
dx2
=y+x dy
dx

d2 y
dx2
=y dy
dx
+x æ
ç
è
dy
dx
ö
÷
ø
2

 



And if you really want it differentiated twice:
d3 y
dx3
= dy
dx
dy
dx
+y d2 y
dx2
+ æ
ç
è
dy
dx
ö
÷
ø
2

 
+x æ
ç
è
2 dy
dx
d2
dy2
ö
÷
ø

=2 æ
ç
è
dy
dx
ö
÷
ø
2

 
+ d2 y
dx2
æ
ç
è
y+2x dy
dx
ö
÷
ø