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### Adding and Subtracting Positive and Negative Numbers

##### Stage: 2, 3 and 4

How can we help students make sense of addition and subtraction of negative numbers?

### Score

##### Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

There are exactly 3 ways to add 4 odd numbers to get 10. Find all the ways of adding 8 odd numbers to get 20. To be sure of getting all the solutions you will need to be systematic. What about. . . .

### Tis Unique

##### Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

This addition sum uses all ten digits 0, 1, 2...9 exactly once. Find the sum and show that the one you give is the only possibility.

### Chameleons

##### Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Whenever two chameleons of different colours meet they change colour to the third colour. Describe the shortest sequence of meetings in which all the chameleons change to green if you start with 12. . . .

### I'm Eight

##### Stage: 1, 2, 3 and 4 Challenge Level:

Find a great variety of ways of asking questions which make 8.

### Magic Squares for Special Occasions

##### Stage: 3 and 4

This article explains how to make your own magic square to mark a special occasion with the special date of your choice on the top line.

### Like Powers

##### Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Investigate $1^n + 19^n + 20^n + 51^n + 57^n + 80^n + 82^n$ and $2^n + 12^n + 31^n + 40^n + 69^n + 71^n + 85^n$ for different values of n.

### Always the Same

##### Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Arrange the numbers 1 to 16 into a 4 by 4 array. Choose a number. Cross out the numbers on the same row and column. Repeat this process. Add up you four numbers. Why do they always add up to 34?

### The Patent Solution

##### Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

A combination mechanism for a safe comprises thirty-two tumblers numbered from one to thirty-two in such a way that the numbers in each wheel total 132... Could you open the safe?

### Arrange the Digits

##### Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Can you arrange the digits 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 into three 3-digit numbers such that their total is close to 1500?

### Aba

##### Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

In the following sum the letters A, B, C, D, E and F stand for six distinct digits. Find all the ways of replacing the letters with digits so that the arithmetic is correct.

### Pyramids

##### Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

What are the missing numbers in the pyramids?

### Jugs of Wine

##### Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

You have four jugs of 9, 7, 4 and 2 litres capacity. The 9 litre jug is full of wine, the others are empty. Can you divide the wine into three equal quantities?

### Eleven

##### Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Replace each letter with a digit to make this addition correct.

### And So on and So On

##### Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

If you wrote all the possible four digit numbers made by using each of the digits 2, 4, 5, 7 once, what would they add up to?

### Digit Sum

##### Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

What is the sum of all the digits in all the integers from one to one million?

### Largest Number

##### Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

What is the largest number you can make using the three digits 2, 3 and 4 in any way you like, using any operations you like? You can only use each digit once.

### Hot Pursuit

##### Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

The sum of the first 'n' natural numbers is a 3 digit number in which all the digits are the same. How many numbers have been summed?

### Kids

##### Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Find the numbers in this sum

### Making Sense of Positives and Negatives

##### Stage: 3

This article suggests some ways of making sense of calculations involving positive and negative numbers.

### Sam's Quick Sum

##### Stage: 2 Challenge Level:

What is the sum of all the three digit whole numbers?

### Rod Measures

##### Stage: 2 Challenge Level:

Using 3 rods of integer lengths, none longer than 10 units and not using any rod more than once, you can measure all the lengths in whole units from 1 to 10 units. How many ways can you do this?

### As Easy as 1,2,3

##### Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

When I type a sequence of letters my calculator gives the product of all the numbers in the corresponding memories. What numbers should I store so that when I type 'ONE' it returns 1, and when I type. . . .

### Oddly

##### Stage: 2 Challenge Level:

Find the sum of all three-digit numbers each of whose digits is odd.

### Clocked

##### Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Is it possible to rearrange the numbers 1,2......12 around a clock face in such a way that every two numbers in adjacent positions differ by any of 3, 4 or 5 hours?

### Cows and Sheep

##### Stage: 2 Challenge Level:

Use your logical reasoning to work out how many cows and how many sheep there are in each field.

### Alphabet Soup

##### Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

This challenge is to make up YOUR OWN alphanumeric. Each letter represents a digit and where the same letter appears more than once it must represent the same digit each time.

### Pairs

##### Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Ann thought of 5 numbers and told Bob all the sums that could be made by adding the numbers in pairs. The list of sums is 6, 7, 8, 8, 9, 9, 10,10, 11, 12. Help Bob to find out which numbers Ann was. . . .

### Playing Connect Three

##### Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

In this game the winner is the first to complete a row of three. Are some squares easier to land on than others?

### Crossed Ends

##### Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Crosses can be drawn on number grids of various sizes. What do you notice when you add opposite ends?

### Calendar Capers

##### Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Choose any three by three square of dates on a calendar page. Circle any number on the top row, put a line through the other numbers that are in the same row and column as your circled number. Repeat. . . .

### Napier's Bones

##### Stage: 2 Challenge Level:

The Scot, John Napier, invented these strips about 400 years ago to help calculate multiplication and division. Can you work out how to use Napier's bones to find the answer to these multiplications?

### Two and Two

##### Stage: 2 and 3 Challenge Level:

How many solutions can you find to this sum? Each of the different letters stands for a different number.

### Four Goodness Sake

##### Stage: 2 Challenge Level:

Use 4 four times with simple operations so that you get the answer 12. Can you make 15, 16 and 17 too?

### The Deca Tree

##### Stage: 2 Challenge Level:

Find out what a Deca Tree is and then work out how many leaves there will be after the woodcutter has cut off a trunk, a branch, a twig and a leaf.

### Month Mania

##### Stage: 1 and 2 Challenge Level:

Can you design a new shape for the twenty-eight squares and arrange the numbers in a logical way? What patterns do you notice?

### Top-heavy Pyramids

##### Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Use the numbers in the box below to make the base of a top-heavy pyramid whose top number is 200.

### The 24 Game

##### Stage: 2 Challenge Level:

There are over sixty different ways of making 24 by adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing all four numbers 4, 6, 6 and 8 (using each number only once). How many can you find?

### Some Games That May Be Nice or Nasty for Two

##### Stage: 2 and 3 Challenge Level:

Some Games That May Be Nice or Nasty for an adult and child. Use your knowledge of place value to beat your oponent.

### Sept03 Sept03 Sept03

##### Stage: 2 Challenge Level:

This number has 903 digits. What is the sum of all 903 digits?

### Sea Level

##### Stage: 2 Challenge Level:

The picture shows a lighthouse and many underwater creatures. If you know the markings on the lighthouse are 1m apart, can you work out the distances between some of the different creatures?

### First Connect Three

##### Stage: 2, 3 and 4 Challenge Level:

The idea of this game is to add or subtract the two numbers on the dice and cover the result on the grid, trying to get a line of three. Are there some numbers that are good to aim for?

### Card Trick 2

##### Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Can you explain how this card trick works?

### Cunning Card Trick

##### Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Delight your friends with this cunning trick! Can you explain how it works?

### Sorting the Numbers

##### Stage: 1 and 2 Challenge Level:

Complete these two jigsaws then put one on top of the other. What happens when you add the 'touching' numbers? What happens when you change the position of the jigsaws?

### GOT IT Now

##### Stage: 2 and 3 Challenge Level:

For this challenge, you'll need to play Got It! Can you explain the strategy for winning this game with any target?

### Make 37

##### Stage: 2 and 3 Challenge Level:

Four bags contain a large number of 1s, 3s, 5s and 7s. Pick any ten numbers from the bags above so that their total is 37.

### A Numbered Route

##### Stage: 2 Challenge Level:

Can you draw a continuous line through 16 numbers on this grid so that the total of the numbers you pass through is as high as possible?

### Consecutive Negative Numbers

##### Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Do you notice anything about the solutions when you add and/or subtract consecutive negative numbers?