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Broad Topics > Numbers and the Number System > Factors and multiples

Big Powers

Stage: 3 and 4 Challenge Level:

Three people chose this as a favourite problem. It is the sort of problem that needs thinking time - but once the connection is made it gives access to many similar ideas.

Phew I'm Factored

Stage: 4 Challenge Level:

Explore the factors of the numbers which are written as 10101 in different number bases. Prove that the numbers 10201, 11011 and 10101 are composite in any base.

What a Joke

Stage: 4 Challenge Level:

Each letter represents a different positive digit AHHAAH / JOKE = HA What are the values of each of the letters?

Squaresearch

Stage: 4 Challenge Level:

Consider numbers of the form un = 1! + 2! + 3! +...+n!. How many such numbers are perfect squares?

Multiplication Magic

Stage: 4 Challenge Level:

Given any 3 digit number you can use the given digits and name another number which is divisible by 37 (e.g. given 628 you say 628371 is divisible by 37 because you know that 6+3 = 2+7 = 8+1 = 9). . . .

Factoring a Million

Stage: 4 Challenge Level:

In how many ways can the number 1 000 000 be expressed as the product of three positive integers?

Multiplication Equation Sudoku

Stage: 4 and 5 Challenge Level:

The puzzle can be solved by finding the values of the unknown digits (all indicated by asterisks) in the squares of the $9\times9$ grid.

Powerful Factorial

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

6! = 6 x 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1. The highest power of 2 that divides exactly into 6! is 4 since (6!) / (2^4 ) = 45. What is the highest power of two that divides exactly into 100!?

Factors and Multiples - Secondary Resources

Stage: 3 and 4 Challenge Level:

A collection of resources to support work on Factors and Multiples at Secondary level.

LCM Sudoku

Stage: 4 Challenge Level:

Here is a Sudoku with a difference! Use information about lowest common multiples to help you solve it.

Shifting Times Tables

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Can you find a way to identify times tables after they have been shifted up?

Thirty Six Exactly

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

The number 12 = 2^2 × 3 has 6 factors. What is the smallest natural number with exactly 36 factors?

Data Chunks

Stage: 4 Challenge Level:

Data is sent in chunks of two different sizes - a yellow chunk has 5 characters and a blue chunk has 9 characters. A data slot of size 31 cannot be exactly filled with a combination of yellow and. . . .

Divisively So

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

How many numbers less than 1000 are NOT divisible by either: a) 2 or 5; or b) 2, 5 or 7?

Factoring Factorials

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Find the highest power of 11 that will divide into 1000! exactly.

Remainder

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

What is the remainder when 2^2002 is divided by 7? What happens with different powers of 2?

Napier's Location Arithmetic

Stage: 4 Challenge Level:

Have you seen this way of doing multiplication ?

Really Mr. Bond

Stage: 4 Challenge Level:

115^2 = (110 x 120) + 25, that is 13225 895^2 = (890 x 900) + 25, that is 801025 Can you explain what is happening and generalise?

Different by One

Stage: 4 Challenge Level:

Make a line of green and a line of yellow rods so that the lines differ in length by one (a white rod)

Remainders

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

I'm thinking of a number. When my number is divided by 5 the remainder is 4. When my number is divided by 3 the remainder is 2. Can you find my number?

Two Much

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Explain why the arithmetic sequence 1, 14, 27, 40, ... contains many terms of the form 222...2 where only the digit 2 appears.

Transposition Cipher

Stage: 3 and 4 Challenge Level:

Can you work out what size grid you need to read our secret message?

Factorial

Stage: 4 Challenge Level:

How many zeros are there at the end of the number which is the product of first hundred positive integers?

Reverse to Order

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Take any two digit number, for example 58. What do you have to do to reverse the order of the digits? Can you find a rule for reversing the order of digits for any two digit number?

Substitution Transposed

Stage: 3 and 4 Challenge Level:

Substitution and Transposition all in one! How fiendish can these codes get?

AB Search

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

The five digit number A679B, in base ten, is divisible by 72. What are the values of A and B?

Charlie's Delightful Machine

Stage: 3 and 4 Challenge Level:

Here is a machine with four coloured lights. Can you develop a strategy to work out the rules controlling each light?

Oh! Hidden Inside?

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Find the number which has 8 divisors, such that the product of the divisors is 331776.

Ewa's Eggs

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

I put eggs into a basket in groups of 7 and noticed that I could easily have divided them into piles of 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 and always have one left over. How many eggs were in the basket?

Gaxinta

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

A number N is divisible by 10, 90, 98 and 882 but it is NOT divisible by 50 or 270 or 686 or 1764. It is also known that N is a factor of 9261000. What is N?

Eminit

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

The number 8888...88M9999...99 is divisible by 7 and it starts with the digit 8 repeated 50 times and ends with the digit 9 repeated 50 times. What is the value of the digit M?

Digat

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

What is the value of the digit A in the sum below: [3(230 + A)]^2 = 49280A

Diggits

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Can you find what the last two digits of the number $4^{1999}$ are?

Expenses

Stage: 4 Challenge Level:

What is the largest number which, when divided into 1905, 2587, 3951, 7020 and 8725 in turn, leaves the same remainder each time?

Inclusion Exclusion

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

How many integers between 1 and 1200 are NOT multiples of any of the numbers 2, 3 or 5?

Even So

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Find some triples of whole numbers a, b and c such that a^2 + b^2 + c^2 is a multiple of 4. Is it necessarily the case that a, b and c must all be even? If so, can you explain why?

Hot Pursuit

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

The sum of the first 'n' natural numbers is a 3 digit number in which all the digits are the same. How many numbers have been summed?

LCM Sudoku II

Stage: 3, 4 and 5 Challenge Level:

You are given the Lowest Common Multiples of sets of digits. Find the digits and then solve the Sudoku.

Missing Multipliers

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

What is the smallest number of answers you need to reveal in order to work out the missing headers?

Sieve of Eratosthenes

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Follow this recipe for sieving numbers and see what interesting patterns emerge.

What Numbers Can We Make Now?

Stage: 3 and 4 Challenge Level:

Imagine we have four bags containing numbers from a sequence. What numbers can we make now?

What Numbers Can We Make?

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Imagine we have four bags containing a large number of 1s, 4s, 7s and 10s. What numbers can we make?

Counting Cogs

Stage: 2 and 3 Challenge Level:

Which pairs of cogs let the coloured tooth touch every tooth on the other cog? Which pairs do not let this happen? Why?

Three Times Seven

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

A three digit number abc is always divisible by 7 when 2a+3b+c is divisible by 7. Why?

The Remainders Game

Stage: 2 and 3 Challenge Level:

A game that tests your understanding of remainders.

Mathematical Swimmer

Stage: 3 Challenge Level:

Twice a week I go swimming and swim the same number of lengths of the pool each time. As I swim, I count the lengths I've done so far, and make it into a fraction of the whole number of lengths I. . . .

Product Sudoku

Stage: 3, 4 and 5 Challenge Level:

The clues for this Sudoku are the product of the numbers in adjacent squares.

Mod 3

Stage: 4 Challenge Level:

Prove that if a^2+b^2 is a multiple of 3 then both a and b are multiples of 3.