The diagram shows a simple circuit: the cell provides energy, V volts, which causes a current, I amps, to flow around the circuit. There is also a resistance, R ohms.
 
 
This circuit provides a simple model for what happens in an electric kettle: a resistance converts electrical energy into heat energy by impeding the flow of electrons around the circuit.

The table shows data collected from a circuit like this.
 

• Draw a graph of this data, with the resistance on the horizontal axis, putting a straight line through the points.
• Find the gradient of the line.
• Find the equation of the line.

Once you have found the equation, discuss these questions:
 

• What resistance would you need to heat water to 100 C °?
• What would the temperature be if the resistance was zero?
• Do you think that in practice, any circuit can have zero resistance?