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Triangles and Petals

Stage: 4 Challenge Level: Challenge Level:2 Challenge Level:2

Look at the equilateral triangle rotating around the equilateral triangle. It produces a flower with three petals:
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Can you work out the perimeter of the flower's petals?

Now consider a flower made by the triangle rotating about a square - what is the perimeter of the petals now?

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What is the perimeter when the centre of the flower is a regular pentagon, hexagon, heptagon...?
What can you say about the increase in perimeter as the number of sides of the centre shape increases?
Can you explain this increase?
 
What would be the perimeter of a flower whose centre is a regular $100$-sided polygon with side length $r$?

It may help to work in terms of $\pi$ throughout this problem.
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